Lu Jiaxi (1915-2001), or Chia-Si Lu, was a physical chemist who is considered a founder of the discipline in China. He was born in Xiamen, East China's Fujian province.

Lu graduated from Xiamen University in 1934 with a degree in chemistry. In 1939, he obtained a PhD in physical chemistry from University College London in the United Kingdom.

After returning to China, he was appointed professor and dean of the Chemistry Department at Xiamen University.

Lu was chosen as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. He served as director of the Fujian Institute of Research on Structure and as president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

After 1988, he served as vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, chairman of the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, vice president of the Third World Academy of Sciences, and vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.